ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Immunity to mosquito salivary proteins could provide protection against multiple mosquito-borne diseases and significantly impact public health. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of AGS-v PLUS, a mosquito salivary peptide vaccine, in healthy adults 18-50 years old. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1 study of AGS-v PLUS administered subcutaneously on Days 1 and 22 at the Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Participants were block randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to two doses saline placebo, two doses AGS-v PLUS, AGS-v PLUS/ISA-51 and saline placebo, two doses AGS-v PLUS/ISA-51, or two doses AGS-v PLUS/Alhydrogel. Primary endpoints were safety (all participants receiving ≥1 injection) and antibody and cytokine responses (all participants with day 43 samples), analysed by intention to treat. FINDINGS: Between 26 August 2019 and 25 February 2020, 51 participants were enrolled and randomized, 11 into the single dose AGS-v PLUS/ISA-51 group and ten in other groups. Due to COVID-19, 15 participants did not return for day 43 samplings. Participants experienced no treatment-emergent or serious adverse events. All solicited symptoms in 2/10 placebo recipients and 22/41 AGS-v PLUS recipients after dose one and 1/10 placebo recipients and 22/41 AGS-v PLUS recipients after dose two were mild/moderate except for one severe fever the day after vaccination (placebo group). Only injection site pain was more common in vaccine groups (15/51 after dose 1 and 11/51 after dose 2) versus placebo. Compared to placebo, all vaccine groups had significantly greater fold change in anti-AGS-v PLUS IgG and IFN-É£ from baseline. INTERPRETATION: AGS-v PLUS had favourable safety profile and induced robust immune responses. Next steps will determine if findings translate into clinical efficacy against mosquito-borne diseases. FUNDING: UK Department of Health and Social Care.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze and describe the epidemiological profile and trend of the spatial distribution of deaths from COVID-19 in the first 18 months of the pandemic in the region of Vale do Paraíba - São Paulo/Brazil. Method: This is an epidemiological, descriptive, population-based, ecological study, whose group of variables listed include secondary data on the occurrence of deaths from COVID-19. The data come from the Foundation State System for Data Analysis platform, which feeds the notification forms for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, whose cases progressed to death. Result: The death rate per population showed us approximately the percentage of the population that died from COVID-19 in the last 3 semesters. Conclusion: Similar to the world scenario, infection by COVID-19 is a public health problem, requiring attention to the circulation of the virus in the interior of São Paulo, alerting risk groups and effective health interventions. Objetivo: Analizar y describir el perfil epidemiológico y la tendencia de la distribución espacial de las muertes por COVID-19 en los primeros 18 meses de la pandemia en la region de Vale do Paraíba - São Paulo / Brasil. Método: Se trata de un estúdio epidemiológico, descriptivo, poblacio-nal, ecológico, cuyo grupo de variables enumeradas induye datos secundários sobre la ocurrencia de muertes por COVID-19. Los datos provie-nen de la plataforma Foundation State System for Data Analysis, que alimenta los formulários de notificación dei Síndrome Respiratório Agudo Severo, cuyos casos progresaron hasta la muerte. Resultado: La tasa de mortalidad por población nos mostro aproximadamente el porcentaje de la población que murió por COVID-19 en los últimos 3 semestres. Conclusion: Similar al escenario mundial, la infección por COVID-19 es un problema de salud pública, que requiere atención a la circulación del vírus en el interior de São Paulo, alertando a los grupos de riesgo e intervenciones de salud efectivas. Objetivo: Analisar e descrever o perfil epidemiológico e a tendência da distribuição espacial de ocorrência de óbitos por COVID-19, nos primeiros 18 meses de pandemia na região do Vale do Paraíba - São Paulo/ Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo do tipo ecológico e de base populacional, cujo grupo de variáveis elencadas incluem dados secundários sobre a ocorrência de óbitos por COVID-19. Os dados são provenientes da plataforma Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise dos Dados, que alimenta as fichas de notificação de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, cujos casos evoluíram para óbito. Resultado: A taxa de óbitos por população nos mostrou aproximadamente o percentual da população que faleceu por COVID-19 nos últimos 3 semestres. Conclusão: De forma similar ao cenário mundial, a infecção por COVID-19 configura-se como um problema de saúde pública, sendo necessária atenção à circulação do vírus no interior paulista, alerta aos grupos de risco e intervenções sanitárias efetivas.
ABSTRACT
Inhabitants of the Greater Mekong Subregion in Cambodia are exposed to pathogens that might influence serologic cross-reactivity with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A prepandemic serosurvey of 528 malaria-infected persons demonstrated higher-than-expected positivity of nonneutralizing IgG to spike and receptor-binding domain antigens. These findings could affect interpretation of large-scale serosurveys.